Forecasting business needs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Forecasting business needs - Essay Example Historically, at Blues Inc., changes in sales are closely reflected in changes in the advertising budget. Based on the $2.4 million figure, we forecast an advertising budget of $162 million. We have also forecast the overall market size based on its recent performance. Currently, the market size is approximately $39 billion. To eliminate the effects of temporary changes in market conditions, we used a two-year weighted moving average, with the most recent year has greater significance. This gives us an indication of the trend and helps to even out any spikes or sudden changes. You have also requested a production schedule, by quarter, for the next year. We have based the overall production level based on our 6 percent market share of a $39 billion industry. This is approximately 777 million units. Accounting for the industry growth rate, for Blue inc, this will mean 50 million units for the year. Because there has been a considerable fluctuation in sales during the fourth quarter of previous years, we used a centered moving average to arrive at our results to compensate for the seasonal changes. We utilized the past 6 years of data. This gave us sufficient information to arrive at an answer, without using data that is outdated and may skew the results. Arriving at the results of this forecast has required my team to consider past results to predict our future performance. When deciding which method to use, it was important to review the existing data to see which method would yield the best results.

Analysis OF D2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Analysis OF D2 - Essay Example Therefore, it is necessary that the change to be implemented must be congruent with the complexity, dynamism and uniqueness of the organization. The rapidity of change which is taking place in economic, social and political environments is having a strong impact on the individuals as well as the organizations. Although change is s constant process, the velocity and promptness have always differed. As a result of the changes in the external environments, organizations are forced to make various changes in their system of operation. Thus, we find a number of companies undergoing strategic changes in order to cope with the prevailing challenges. A strategic change is defined as change process where a company restructures its marketing or business plan on a broader context. The principal intention for making strategic changes is to satisfy organizational goals and harmonize the organizational activities with the external business environment. However, strategic change does not always mea n alteration in the entire business plans; sometime it also refers to small scale changes. According to Chen et al. (2013) organizational change management is a crucial activity of the organizations. Jones (2004) stated that organization mainly changes for two reasons. One of reason can be the response to the changing external environment and another reason can be the reaction of the company to a particular crisis situation. Haveman, Russo & Meyer (2001) states that organizational change also becomes evident when companies undergone a shift or change in executive power. According to several studies, there are numerous causes for an organization to embrace change within the internal environment. One of the major causes is the implementation of new technology. In this fast moving and cut throat competitive environment, organizations have no options, but to remain at par with the competitors. In order to achieve it, companies often make technological developments improve organizationâ €™s capabilities and enhance the efficiency of operation. Some of the other common reasons for embracing change are satisfying the dynamic needs of the consumers, to support the economy and also to grab growth opportunities (Corneliusassoc, n.d.). According to Anderson (2012), organizations undergo different type of changes and the most common ones are development change, transitional change and transformational change. However, it depends on the situation and need of the organization. Although change is a necessary process for the purpose of growth and development, but companies often face difficulties in implementing those intended changes. One of the biggest obstacles to the implementation of change within organization is the resistance of employees. Employees have a belief that with new system, their existing state may get disrupted and can destabilize their position in the organization. Moreover, if also leads to dissatisfaction of the employees and can seriously impede org anization’s growth. Figure 1 The present study seeks to investigate the problem of change management in D2, the auto-components manufacturer. The case sheds light on the fact that the company is currently facing a large number of issues pertaining to the cost of operation. The economic downturn further worsened the scenario and the company struggled to survive in the market place. The company therefore focused on the formulation of new strategies which is to achieve economies of scale. However,

Comparing Satire in Canterbury Tales, Pride and Prejudice and The Rape

Use of Satire in Canterbury Tales, Pride and Prejudice and The Rape of the Lock Jane Austen and Alexander Pope had had a myriad of writing styles and techniques from which to express the desired themes of their works.   Satire, however, seemed to be the effective light-hearted, yet condescending, tool that enabled them to surface the faults and follies of their moral and elite society.   In Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, satire is used to the full extent in revealing the glutton within a pious and sacrificing nun, the vain hunter within a poor and meditative monk, and the vulgarity within a honorable woman of society.   In Pride and Prejudice and The Rape of the Lock, Austen and Pope use contrasting forms of satire to obtain the same result as Chaucer:   to ridicule society's hypocritical and supercilious   manner by forcing it to see the absurd truth of what society pretends to be and what it really is.   In order to create satire in their literature, Austen and Pope must place an ironic, mocking language in an environment, and allow the la nguage to transform its surroundings into a parody of human moral regression.   The essence of satire in Pride and Prejudice and The Rape of the Lock begins with the writer's mocking use of diction, and then spreads to how the characters, tone, and theme of the literature are heightened to a level that identifies with supercilious society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Characters in Pride and Prejudice and The Rape of the Lock are necessary tools in establishing satire within the stories.   Austen uses a range of different character types in order to highlight the absurdity of society.   For example, Elizabeth Bennet differs greatly from her other sisters and young ladies of Hertfordshire because h... ...rning within society to undermine its flaws.   Austen and Pope were great writers and observers of their time, and though they have passed, their writings continue to reveal the hidden follies of humanity.   Humanity has not made any extremely valuable changes beside the obvious advancements that are expected through time.   However, there will always be literature to magnify humanity's growth and regression, urging its readers to never hide from the truth. Works Cited: Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. Ed. Donald Gray. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1996. Chaucer, Geoffrey. The Canterbury Tales. Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Ed Mack, Maynard et al. W. W. Norton and Co. New York, NY. 1992. Pope, Alexander. "The Rape of the Lock". The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. M.H. Abrams et al. 6th ed. Vol. 1. New York: Norton, 1993.

Distinguish between problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping Essay

Problem-focused coping: Problem-focused coping is attempting to alleviate stress directly either by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor, Problem-focused coping, targets the causes of stress in practical ways which tackles the problem or stressful situation that is causing stress, consequently directly reducing the stress. Problem focused coping aim to remove or reduce the cause of the stressor. (McLeod, Stress Management – Problem Focused Coping with Stress. , 2010) For example, the way classmates deal with stressors like exams , you can see a range of different coping responses. Some classmates will pace around or worry about it, others will revise, or pester their teachers for clues. Problem-focused strategies include: Taking Control – this response involves changing the relationship between yourself and the source of stress. Examples: escaping from the stress or removing the stress. : Information seeking is the most rational action. This involves the trying to understand the situation (e.g. using the internet) and putting into place cognitive strategies to avoid it in future. Information seeking is a cognitive response to stress. : Evaluating the pros and cons of different options for dealing with the stressor. In general problem-focused coping is best, as it removes the stressor, and so deals with the root cause of the problem, providing a long term solution. However, it is not always best, or possible to use problem-focused strategies. For example, when someone dies, problem-focused strategies may not be very helpful for the bereaved. Dealing with the feeling of loss requires emotion-focused coping. Problem focused approached will not work in any situation where it is beyond the individual’s control to remove the source of stress. They work best when the person can control the source of stress (e.g. exams, work based stressors etc.). It is not a productive method for all individuals. For example, not all people are able to take control of a situation. People with low self-esteem typically use emotion focused coping strategies. Emotion-focused coping. Emotion-focused coping Involves trying to reduce the negative emotional responses associated with stress such as embarrassment, fear, anxiety, depression, excitement and frustration. This may be the only realistic option when the source of stress is outside the person’s control. Drug therapy can be seen as emotion  focused coping as it focuses on the arousal caused by stress not the problem. Emotion-focused strategies include: Keeping yourself busy to take your mind off the issue : Letting off steam to other people : Praying for guidance and strength : Ignoring the problem in the hope that it will go away : Distracting yourself (e.g. TV, eating) : Building yourself up to expect the worse Emotion-focused strategies are often less effective than using problem-focused methods. For example, Epping-Jordan et al (Epping-Jordan, 1994) found that patients with cancer who used avoidance strategies, e.g. denying they were very ill, deteriorated more quickly then those who faced up to their problems. The same pattern exists in relation to dental health and financial problems. It does not provide a long term solution. However, they can be a good choice if the source of stress is outside the person’s control for example a terrorist attack. There are Gender differences: women tend to use more emotion-focused strategies then men (Billings, 1981) It also may have negative side effects as it delays the person dealing with the problem. (McLeod, Emotion Focused Coping., 2009) My basic outlook on life and how does it impacts on my ability to cope with stress According to the study by Meyer Friedman, Ray Rosenman, and their colleagues (friedman, 1984) I am a type B personality so less prone to heart problems, I have always been an easygoing person and an optimist. In my coping with stress I think I use the problem-focused coping most times, as I have always been a muscularly big person so with that confidence I was never afraid to grab the bull by the horns so to speak and directly try to work things out, also I have been into the healthy lifestyle and gyms since the age of fifteen. my social support is good and I do have a lot of close friends and keep in touch with them regularly, my family is with me most times (sons, daughter, sister and brother )so I think that my ability to cope with stress is excellent Some stress minimizing and management methods are exercise, relaxation, mediation, biofeedback and spirituality Exercise: exercise is your shortest route to a feeling of well-being and a physical glow. Everyone knows that exercise is good for you and that it is one of the best stress combatants available Not only does it keep the heart healthy and get oxygen  into the system, but it helps deplete stress hormones and releases mood-enhanc ing chemicals which help us cope with stress better. Relaxation: Relaxation is more than a state of mind; it physically changes the way your body functions. When your body is relaxed breathing slows, blood pressure and oxygen consumption decrease, and some people report an increased sense of well-being. This is called the â€Å"relaxation response.† Being able to produce the relaxation response using relaxation techniques may counteract the effects of long-term stress, which may contribute to or worsen a range of health problems including depression, digestive disorders, headaches, high blood pressure, and insomnia Mediation: Meditation can give you a sense of calm, peace and balance that benefits both your emotional well-being and your overall health. And these benefits don’t end when your meditation session ends. Meditation can help carry you more calmly through your day and can even improve certain medical conditions. The emotional benefits of meditation include: Gaining a new perspective on stressful situations, Building skills to manage your stress, Increasing self-awareness, Focusing on the present, Reducing negative emotions Spirituality: Research shows that people who are more religious or spiritual use their spirituality to cope with life,† In her new book, The SuperStress Solution, Dr. Roberta Lee devotes a section to the topic of spirituality and prayer. Notes ,Dr. Lee. â€Å"They’re better able to cope with stress, they heal faster from illness, and they experience increased benefits to their health and well-being. On an intellectual level, spirituality connects you to the world, which in turn enables you to stop trying to control things all by yourself. When you feel part of a greater whole, it’s easy to understand that you aren’t responsible for everything that happens in life. Among the research she cites is one study of approximately 126,000 people that found that the people who frequently attended services increased their odds of living by 29 percent. Another study conducted by the National Institute for Health Care Research (NIHR) illustrated that the Canadian college students who were connected to their campus ministries visited doctors less often and were less stressed during difficult times than the other students. The students who had strong religious correlations also had higher positive feelings, lower levels of depression, and were better equipped at handling stress. (a) I employ exercise and relaxation for stress relief,and I use the problem-focused  coping most times to directly address any stressful situation I encounter Bibliography Billings, A. G. (1981). The role of coping responses and social resources in attenuating the stress of life events. . Journal of Behavioral Medicine,, 13: 539-547. Epping-Jordan, J. A. (1994). Predictors of cancer progression in young adult men and women: Avoidance, intrusive thoughts, and psychological symptoms. Health Psychology. McLeod, S. A. (2009). Emotion Focused Coping. http://www.simplypsychology.org/emotion-focused-coping.html. McLeod, S. A. (2010). Stress Management – Problem Focused Coping with Stress. . http://www.simplypsychology.org/problem-focused-coping.html.

The Debate On Same Sex Marriage - 1934 Words

As citizens of the United States, we all have rights protected by our constitution set forth by our founding fathers; however, the right to marry whichever one we choose has been a hot topic for endless debate. In recent years, the repealing of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) in California had stirred great deliberation. Marriage equality has been a nation’s issue on and off election agenda. Back in 2013, Supreme Court’s decisions on Hollingsworth vs. Perry, also known as Proposition 8 established oppositions from around the world. As a nation, there should not be any reasons as to why there is sill no clear declaration of answers for this issue. The small percentage would argue that there seem to be progress toward same-sex marriage,†¦show more content†¦God does not allow marriage between people of the same gender. Conservatives tend to align their decisions of politics with guidance of the Church’s views, and that marriage is a union between a man and a woman. This attitude leads to their opposition of homosexuality. But there is always an odd one in among others. Our second populated state, Texas, has been known for it conservative-ness, yet it have the sixth largest LGBT population beside California and Atlanta. These few constituencies will always be the one that astonish and be an outlier in statistical sense. The Cathedral of Hope situated in Dallas is home to over 30,000-gay/lesbian members-as its name gave away, the Church served to hold events that will hopefully turn people’s attitude toward gay marriage. Lastly, Texas ranked first in the race of having the most number of same-sex households with children, proving that even in the most conservative state will not follow the GOP Platform effectively . These new ideologies did not occurred when President Ronald Reagan’s was in office. However after his election, the Republican Party began a new reign of Christian conservatism, and continues to converse ideologies until now. The conservative is not a proponent of marriage equality. Because conservatives are strict on laws, they tend to lean toward powers outline in the constitution by our founding fathers.

Csr Corporate Social Responsibility - 1598 Words

CSR stands for Corporate Social Responsibility. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is defined by many groups like, Tata steel, Coca Cola, Reliance, Videocon etc. Although they all stand for similar meanings connecting to taking responsibilities of the society as a business individual, its definition has been getting broader from a established point of view, corporate social responsibility is a type of business instruction included in a business demonstration. CSR policy functions as a self-regulatory system whereby a business monitors and ensures its active consistency with the strength of the law, ethical standards and global norms. CSR aims to hold responsibility for corporate actions and to support a positive impact on the surroundings and stakeholders including clients, workers, investors, communities, and others. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been a growing subject for last two decades. It had been developed in US and Europe simultaneously from many years. Since t he beginning of the new concept, global companies adjust their policy of conduct and moral rules to be able to establish the relation between their stakeholders that they are a responsible business article and that the profit given back to the shareholders are not from immoral practices. CSR involves multiple stakeholders, including the government, shareholders, employees, consumers, media, suppliers, NGOs, and the general public and volunteerism to doing the business in a responsible way.Show MoreRelatedCorporate Social Responsibility And Csr1566 Words   |  7 PagesSocial responsibility or also called Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)- is the firm’s engagement (voluntarily initiated) in and its compliance (legally mandated) to environmental, social, and governance issues (The Foundation, 2014). Also, is based on stakeholder’s needs being financially sustainable, and CSR can come from both corporate or not-to-profit organizations. 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Financial Ratios Current Ratio - 1551 Words

Financial ratios 1. Current ratio Current ratio=Current Assets/Current Liabilities 18,720 / 17,089=1.0954 2. Quick ratio Quick ratio= (Current Assets – Inventories) / Current Liabilities (18,720 – 3,581)/17,089=0.8859 3. Return on Assets ratio Return on Assets ratio= Net Profit before Tax/Total Assets 34,201/74,638=0.4582 4. Net Profit Margin Net Profit Margin=Net income after taxes/revenue 6,214/65,492=0.0949 5. Accounts Receivable Turnover ratio Accounts Receivable Turnover ratio=Sales/Accounts Receivable 65,492/7,041=9.3015 6. Accounts Payable Turnover Accounts Payable Turnover=Cost of Goods Sold/Accounts payable Cost of Goods Sold=Sales-Gross Profit=65,492-34,201=31,291 31,291/4,451=7.0301 7. Inventory Turnover Inventory Turnover=Cost of Goods sold/Inventory 31,291/3,581=8.7381 8. Sales to Assets ratio Sales to Assets ratio=Sales/Total Assets 65,492/74,638=0.8775 9. Net Margin Net Margin=Net profit before Tax/sales (8,304-6,214)/65,492=0.03191 10. 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